Why some Hong Kongers live in homes smaller than a parking space

Landlords in Hong Kong, a city with a notoriously high cost of housing, have found they can make more money by dividing a flat into two or more units

Tens of thousands of people in densely populated, land-poor Hong Kong live in tiny dwellings made by dividing up apartments, most smaller than a parking space. It’s an affordable option for students and low-income families but can also mean banging shins in cramped and in some cases substandard living spaces.

The city’s government has proposed new rules that would set minimum standards for such housing units, but residents and advocates for the poor worry that it could drive up rents and make it even harder to hang on in the city. The city’s eventual goal, mandated by Beijing, is to eliminate subdivided apartments over the next 25 years.

Officials are aiming to pass the rules into law within the year. After that, landlords will have a grace period to make their substandard flats meet the bar. The government has promised to assist affected residents in resettlement and adopt a gradual approach in its policy implementation to avoid causing panic.

Here are some of the numbers that illustrate the residents’ living conditions and the proposed policy.

7.5 million Hong Kong’s population in mid-2024

80 square kilometers (31 square miles) How much land is used for housing in the densely-packed territory, according to the city’s planning department

110,000 The number of dwellings created by dividing apartments

220,000 The number of people who live in them

10 square meters (110 square feet) The median size of the units that have been carved out. About one-fourth are less than eight square meters (86 square feet), the minimum size mandated under the proposed rules

12.5 square meters (135 square feet) The standard size of a parking space in Hong Kong

5,000 Hong Kong dollars: or PHP 37,000 the median rent for a unit in a subdivided apartment

33,000 Estimated number of units that would need major renovations under the proposed rules

2049 The year by which China’s central government wants Hong Kong to phase out subdivided units. It will mark 100 years of communist rule in China.

Source: Philstar

Planning the urban climate of the future

What a tree needs to grow and how it affects its surroundings vary from species to species. This makes it increasingly important for cities to adapt the urban tree cover to local conditions.

A team at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has developed the online tool CityTree. Cities, municipalities and interested individuals can use it to find out how 12 common tree species are growing in 34 German cities and how they will benefit the local climate in the future.

Trees reduce heat stress on hot days, emit oxygen into their surroundings and bind climate-damaging CO2. This adds up to a decisive contribution towards maintaining the best possible quality of life in cities as the world heats up. A team working with the forest scientist Prof. Thomas Rötzer has investigated the advantages of selected tree species for the urban climate and the conditions under which they thrive.

To conduct the study, the researchers measured more than 5,000 urban trees throughout Germany, took samples from them and analyzed their surroundings. The focus was on lime trees, locust trees, plane trees and nine other species that make up 60% of the urban tree cover in Germany.

The data were then used to create an interactive model called CityTree. Access to the tool is free of charge. It is mainly intended for cities and municipalities, but can also be used by ambitious hobby gardeners when planning tree plantings in their own gardens.

Creating virtual trees

Users can define a virtual tree with just a few clicks. After choosing from among 34 cities and 12 tree species and defining such characteristics as soil type, the level of soil sealing and light exposure, the user sees how much CO2 the tree will bind, how much it will cool its surroundings and the quantity of water it will use.

The preview can also reflect various climate scenarios. The period from 1991 to 2000 simulates tree performance in the current climate, while 2003 represents a dry year. For the period from 2081 to 2090, the user can choose between climate scenarios based on 1°C or 4.8°C of global heating.

The data illustrate the importance of detailed planning for urban greenery. Cities like Berlin and Würzburg, with low precipitation and high temperatures, benefit more from plane trees and other drought-tolerant species. A city like Munich, with relatively high rainfall, can plan for species such as small-leaved lime and horse chestnut trees if the tree pit is large enough.

Planning for 2081 starts now

Although 2081 might seem like a long way off, "It is urgent for cities to take action now and critically assess their tree cover. Planting decisions shouldn't be based solely on aesthetics," says Thomas Rötzer.

"A tree has to grow for many years before it has a noticeable impact on urban climate. In the past, cities and municipalities lacked concrete information for planning optimized tree plantings and to assess the performance of existing trees. Through the app, we have converted scientific data into a usable format with practical benefits that can address this urban planning shortfall."

The research team recommends that local authorities develop a systematic overview of their trees. So far, there are only a few resources that would represent an "urban tree cadastre." With this knowledge, cities could establish programs with concrete targets and measures for optimal adaptation to the challenges of climate change.

The research team is currently working toward that objective. Using satellite images, they are surveying the tree population of Munich and assessing its potential growth and the benefits to the urban climate. These data can then be used for the sustainable management of the city's tree cover.

Source: Phys Org

Carpets make a warm comeback

For the past decade or so it has been ripped up and tossed out but now carpet is making a comeback. People are keen to cover their cold and draughty floorboards and sink their feet back in something with a bit more comfort, warmth and depth. From cut pile to shag, block color to swirly pattern, wall-to-wall carpeting is once again smothering wooden floors.

As for renters , a great rug renaissance is in full swing.

“While wall-to-wall carpets used to be passé, they are definitely having a bit of a moment now,” says Elizabeth Metcalfe, the author of New English Interiors: At Home with Today’s Creatives. “There is a nostalgic charm, but I think they also bring coziness and warmth to a space – a hugely appealing prospect when we’re faced with rising energy bills.”

Liza Laserow Berglund, the co-founder of the Stockholm-based rug company Nordic Knots, which has gained an almost cult-like following for its simple but striking designs, describes a rug in a room as “the fourth wall”.

“It frames a room,” she says. “People think about curtains but the floor really needs texture and warmth as well.”

One of Donald Trump’s first memos to staff was an instruction to change the Oval Office’s floor covering. As the Bidens were still packing up, the Democratic blue rug was being swapped out for a pale beige circular version, originally designed by Nancy Reagan for her husband’s time in office. Trump previously had installed it during his first term. According to White House aides, this time around pieces of the Resolute Desk had to be disassembled so the rug could be placed underneath it.

Lorna Haigh, the creative director for Alternative Flooring, a UK-based company that sells everything from sisal to chunky wool carpets, says this year carpet is going to “take preference over hard flooring”. Ruggable, which makes machine washable rugs in tufted and shaggy styles, reports a 67% surge in website traffic. Its most popular size is a generous 185cm by 275cm.

Even luxury fashion designers are championing the trend. At the recent menswear shows in Milan and Paris, the typical stripped-back catwalks were covered in plush overlay. At Prada, a giant scaffolding set jarred sharply with a tactile blue art deco-inspired carpet. It was sourced from Catherine Martin, a homeware brand owner and costume designer who has collaborated with her husband, Baz Luhrmann, on several films including Elvis (a carpet devotee who covered Graceland in a thick pile).

Prada’s co-creative director, Raf Simons, described the carpet as “alive” and “a reaction to what a set usually is”. Meanwhile, at Brioni models plodded along a burnt orange shag-pile rug while at Amiri, a brand best known for its streetwear-inspired pieces, there was an 80s-esque plush fawn-colored version.

After years of greige interiors where every listing on Rightmove has begun to blur into one, a maximalist backlash has begun. Social media is peppered with posts of floors in bold prints and saturated colours. At Ruggable it is colour-blocking designs, nature-inspired motifs and “AI-generated visuals” that “blur the lines between reality and fantasy” that are most popular. Metcalfe mentions rug combing, where rugs are overlapped or laid side by side to create a layered look as an emerging style.

Elsewhere, the designer Henry Holland has swapped out his beige stairs for a custom-made swirly brown and white patterned runner inspired by 90s rave culture. The Standard Hotel in London embraces the electric blue carpet while in Claridge’s newly revamped suites, the designer Bryan O’Sullivan has used floral art deco rugs. On Instagram, Alexa Chung described feeling “sick about how much I like this carpet” alongside a photo of a floral Heartsease patterned carpet at Castle Howard in North Yorkshire.

Martin credits the periodic nature of fashion as fueling the trend. “Everything in life is cyclical … naturally, the fashion or the desire for a different decorating style is swinging back towards carpet.”

Berglund, who has a rich honeyed color “Leo” rug in her bedroom with a matching headboard and curtains, describes it as very soothing. “Your home is your most intimate space. It’s your safe haven. With how the world is today it’s even more important to create something that you love coming home to.”

Source: The Guardian