Most Filipinos expect inflation to continue to rise

Most Fiipinos see inflation rising over the next year and do not expect the pace of price increases to normalize anytime soon, according to a survey by Ipsos.

In its latest Cost of Living Monitor, Ipsos found that 80% of Filipinos see the rate of inflation to rise in the next year.

“While economists point out that inflation — and interest rates — have fallen in many countries, you might assume that consumers should be feeling more positive by now about their own financial situation and more optimistic about where their country’s economy is headed in 2025,” Ipsos Chief Executive Officer Ben Page said.

“In fact, they are the opposite. The legacy of high inflation over the past few years is that an expectation of price rises is now hard-wired into the public consciousness,” he added.

The Philippines’ outcome is also much higher than the 65% overall average across 32 countries.

“This is something that is felt across the board. In 21 of the 32 countries surveyed people are more likely to think prices will rise at a faster rate than they did earlier this year,” Ipsos said.

Most Filipinos think that inflation has yet to normalize, the survey showed, with 28% expecting inflation to never return to normal. On the other hand, 27% see prices normalizing after next year, within the next year (26%), within the next six months (5%), and within the next three months (7%).

Only 6% of respondents said that inflation had already normalized.

Inflation quickened to 2.5% in November from 2.3% in October as food prices rose after a series of typhoons hit the country. In the 11-month period, headline inflation averaged 3.2%.

This year so far, inflation has settled within the 2-4% range, except for the 4.4% spike in July.

The central bank expects inflation to settle at 3.1% this year, 3.2% in 2025 and 3.4% in 2026. However, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) has said that the risks to the inflation outlook for next year until 2026 have shifted to the upside.

“While inflation rates are going down, people are not feeling it in the way policy makers and central banks would have hoped,” Ipsos said. “People expect price rises across all areas of spending, from utilities to food.”

Globally, 70% of respondents attribute the state of the global economy as the biggest contributor to the rising cost of living. This is followed by government policies (69%), interest rates (66%), businesses making excessive profits (62%) and the Russia-Ukraine war (58%).

Meanwhile, 75% of Filipinos expect interest rates to rise over the next year.

The BSP began its easing cycle in August this year, delivering a total of 50 basis points (bps) worth of rate cuts so far. This brought the benchmark to 6%.

The Monetary Board could deliver another 25-bp cut at its final policy review of the year on Dec. 19.

“There is often a time lag between inflation rates subsiding and consumer confidence returning. But this time things feel rather different. What we are now seeing in many countries is a rise in the number of people who say they are financially struggling,” according to Ipsos.

The survey also showed that 10% of Filipinos expect their own standard of living to fall over the next 12 months.

In terms of financial management, only 37% of Filipinos are “doing alright.” This is compared to the respondents that said they are “just about getting by” (26%), “finding it quite difficult” (20%), “finding it very difficult” (9%), and “living comfortably” (9%).

Meanwhile, 48% of Filipinos see the economy as being currently in a recession, as far as they are aware. On the other hand, 28% say the opposite while 23% do not know.

TAX CUTS

“Across 32 countries people say they prefer tax cuts even if it means less money for public services, over spending more and paying greater taxes,” Ipsos said.

“However, this masks big differences across countries. Türkiye, Romania and the Philippines back tax cuts, while Indonesia and Sweden want better public services.”

The survey found more than half (52%) of Filipinos prefer that their personal taxes be cut even if it means there will be less government spending on public services.

The survey also found 70% of Filipinos expect the taxes that they pay to rise over the next year.

The Department of Finance  has said it does not plan to introduce new taxes this year and potentially until the end of the Marcos administration, apart from those already pending in Congress.

The department’s priority tax measures include the value-added tax on digital service providers, excise taxes on single-use plastics and pickup trucks, the rationalization of the mining fiscal regime, and the motor vehicle road user’s charge, among others.

Source: Business World

Inflation quickens to 2.5% in November

The country’s inflation rate continued its acceleration streak for the second straight month in November due to faster rise in food and transportation costs during the period, the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) reported.

At a press conference, National Statistician and PSA chief Undersecretary Claire Dennis Mapa said inflation —which measures the rate of increase in the prices of goods and services— quickened further to 2.5% last month.

This was faster than the 2.3% inflation print recorded in October.

Last month’s rate also fell within the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas’ (BSP) forecast range of 2.2% to 3%, citing increased prices of vegetables, fish, and meat due to unfavorable weather conditions, higher electricity rates and petroleum prices, and the depreciation of the peso as the primary sources of upward price pressures this month.

November’s inflation rate brought the year-to-date average inflation rate to stand at 3.2%, which is within the government’s ceiling of 2% to 4% for the entire 2024.

Food prices

The BSP, in a statement, said that the inflation rate seen in November is consistent with its assessment that inflation will continue to trend closer to the low end of the target range in the near term, reflecting easing supply pressures for key food items, particularly rice.

“Ang pangunahing dahilan ng mas mataas na antas ng inflation nitong Nobyembre 2024 kesa noong Oktubre 2024 ay ang mas mabilis na pagtaas ng presyo ng Food and Non-alcoholic Beverages sa antas na 3.4% [mula 2.9%],” Mapa said.

(The main contributor to the faster inflation rate in November 2024 versus October 2024 was the faster increase in the prices of Food and Non-alcoholic Beverages with a rate of 3.4%.)

The PSA chief added that the Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages index accounted for 65.9% of the overall inflation rate last month.

In particular, the index of vegetables saw an increase to 5.9% from a decline of 9.2% in October “dahil nga sa mga sunod-sunod na bagyo (due to the series of consecutive storms).”

Likewise, inflation for fish and other seafood rose to 0.4% from a negative rate or decrease of 0.4% month-on-month.

Meat inflation also saw a slight increment of 3.9% during the month from 3.6% in October.

Food inflation, which tracks the price movements of food items in a "basket" commonly purchased by households, also rose to 3.5% from 3% month-on-month.

“Despite the strong typhoons our country faced in recent months, consumer prices have remained relatively stable. This demonstrates the resilience of our economy and the effectiveness of our policies,” National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) Secretary Arsenio Balisacan said in a statement.

Balisacan, nonetheless, noted that the government is closely monitoring prices of commodities, especially food, in the wake of successive typhoons in October and November.

Also contributing to the November inflation uptrend was Transport index with a slower decrease of 1.2% from -2.1% in the prior month, accounting for 28.4% of the overall print, amid the slower decrease in the prices of gasoline and diesel which posted inflation prints of -8% (from -11.1) and -9.4% (from -18.5%), respectively.

Inflation felt by the bottom 30% income households in the country veered away from the national trend as it slowed down to 2.9% from 3.4% month-on-month.

Mapa said this was primarily due to a decline in food inflation for the income class at 3.4% from 3.9% with the rice index easing down to a rate of 5.4% from 10.2% in October.

Full-year projection

During its December 2 meeting, the Development Budget Coordination Committee (DBCC) projected that full-year 2024 inflation would average between 3.1% to 3.3%, lower than last year’s average inflation rate of 6%.

The DBCC also maintained its inflation target of 2% to 4% from 2025 to 2028.

“We are committed to maintaining price stability by ensuring inflation remains low and manageable. This will be supported by prudent monetary policies and strategic trade measures in the near term, as well as improved access to quality job opportunities and productivity-enhancing reforms in the medium term,” said Balisacan.

The NEDA chief added that the government remains optimistic that the December inflation figures will sustain the trend of price stability and that inflation will remain within the government’s target range.

“Through the timely and strategic use of our various policy levers, a whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach is vital to sustain our momentum in effectively managing inflation. Achieving this objective will be key to making economic growth more inclusive and accelerating our poverty reduction efforts,” Balisacan said.

Source: GMA

AMRO cuts Philippine growth outlook

Philippine economic growth may fall short of the government’s target this year amid a slower-than-expected rise in consumption and investment, the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office (AMRO) said.

In its latest Annual Consultation Report, AMRO cut its gross domestic product (GDP) growth projection for the Philippines to 5.8% this year from its 6.1% estimate in October.

This would fall below the government’s revised 6-6.5% growth target for 2024.

AMRO said household spending and private investment were weaker than expected this year due to elevated inflation and high interest rates.

“Household consumption, underpinned by a strong labor market and robust remittances, continued to expand, but at a slower pace due to the lagged impact of high inflation.”

“Private investment is gradually rebounding but has yet to reach pre-pandemic levels, partly due to weak investment sentiment amid high interest rates,” it added.

Latest data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) showed that Philippine GDP growth averaged 5.8% in the first nine months of the year.

For 2025, AMRO retained its growth forecast of 6.3% for 2025.

“The pickup in growth is driven by higher government spending as well as an upturn in external demand and strengthening domestic demand,” it said.

The think tank also expects domestic demand to improve moving forward, which would support growth.

“Private consumption is anticipated to grow faster in the rest of the year, supported by strong labor market conditions, lower inflation and robust overseas remittances.”

“With the start of the monetary policy easing cycle, private investment sentiments are expected to improve,” it added.

However, AMRO said the growth outlook faces “heightened geopolitical risks” that may increase the likelihood of supply disruptions and further global economic fragmentation.

The Philippine economy’s growth momentum could also be “derailed by a sharp slowdown in major trading partners in the near term,” it added.

“Over the long term, the country’s potential growth could be constrained by insufficient infrastructure investment, vulnerabilities to climate change, and prolonged scarring effects caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.”

Consumption growth may still be hampered by elevated inflation, it added.

“Philippine growth prospects, particularly private consumption, are clouded by the risk of high food inflation… Higher costs of basic needs would further reduce households’ ability to afford discretionary items and hence constrain household consumption.”

However, AMRO projects headline inflation to average 3.2% this year and the next.

“Inflation is expected to stay broadly within the target range in the second half of 2024 through 2025, benefiting from the continued easing of global commodity prices and government measures,” it said.

The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) expects inflation to average 3.1% this year and 3.2% in 2025.

“While upside risks such as wage increases and local food supply shocks remain, the decline in headline inflation is expected to continue in the second half of 2024 due to lower commodity prices of fuel and food, and tariff cuts on imported rice,” AMRO said.

“Meanwhile, inflationary pressure will likely remain moderate due to a positive output gap and second-round effects, following increases in minimum wages and persistently high inflation expectations.”

With inflation expected to remain within target, AMRO said that there is room for the BSP to continue its rate-cutting cycle.

“As inflation will continue to ease within the target band, there is room to adopt a less restrictive monetary policy stance if current growth trends continue,” it said.

“However, if supply-side risks emerge, a whole-of-government approach should be taken to address inflationary pressures.”

Since August, the central bank has lowered borrowing costs by 50 basis points (bps), bringing the key rate to 6%.

The Monetary Board is set to have its last policy review for the year on Dec. 19.

“As year-to-date inflation has returned to the upper half of the target range, the BSP has room to gradually adjust the policy rate to a moderately restrictive stance,” AMRO said.

“This will lend some support to private investment and allow the BSP to rebuild space for renewed policy rate hikes if inflationary risks were to reemerge.”

Meanwhile, AMRO said that the Philippine government’s fiscal consolidation efforts can still be enhanced.

“The current fiscal-monetary policy mix is appropriate and can be adjusted further to support economic growth while rebuilding policy buffers.”

AMRO expects the fiscal stance from this year to 2025 to be “neutral.”

It projects the fiscal deficit settling at 5.7% of GDP this year and 5.6% of GDP in 2025, driven by “robust revenue collection despite higher expenditure.”

“Moving forward, the fiscal balance is expected to gradually decline to 4.2% of GDP by 2028,” it added.

The latest data from the Treasury showed the budget deficit narrowed to P963.9 billion in the January-October period.

The government has set a deficit ceiling of P1.52 trillion this year, equivalent to 5.7% of economic output. It expects to lower the budget gap to 3.7% of GDP by 2028.

RISING DEBT

Meanwhile, AMRO expects the National Government’s (NG) outstanding debt to rise slightly before easing further.

“Public debt is projected to increase slightly from 60.1% of GDP in 2023 to 60.7% in 2024, due to the government’s sustained funding needs and higher debt servicing costs.”

“However, it is expected to gradually decrease to 57.6% of GDP in 2028, on account of improved fiscal positions and robust economic growth.”

The NG’s debt-to-GDP ratio stood at 61.3% at the end of September, still above the 60% threshold deemed by multilateral lenders as manageable for developing economies.

The government seeks to bring the ratio down to 60.6% by the end of 2024, and below 60% by 2028.

“While the need for strategic adjustments in medium-term fiscal policy to support the economy is recognized, fiscal consolidation should be accelerated when conditions allow,” AMRO said.

“The government is likely to continue its medium-term fiscal consolidation plan at a slower pace to better support economic growth. However, it would be prudent to quicken the pace of fiscal consolidation if conditions allow, as restoring fiscal space remains critical to build greater resilience to external shocks amid elevated uncertainty.”

AMRO recommended efforts to expedite revenue mobilization and increase efficiency, as well as long-term fiscal reforms for fiscal sustainability.

“Overall financial stability remains sound; at the same time, a more active use of macroprudential toolkits could be considered to mitigate the financial stability risks,” it said.

“Some signs of vulnerabilities have emerged in certain areas, such as the household and property sectors, which warrant close monitoring. Meanwhile, the authorities should strengthen the institutional framework to safeguard financial stability and deepen the bond and repo markets.”

Source: Business World